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Saturn DigiSizer 5200 |
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DescriptionMicromeritics is proud to introduce a new generation of static light scattering particle size analyzers. The Saturn DigiSizer is the first instrument to utilize advanced digital detection technology to deliver exceptionally high levels of resolution, accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility. Data reduction is accomplished by reproducing the experimental data set from Mie theory calculations; there are no so-called "Black Box" data reduction methods, and no prior assumptions of particle size distribution, modality, or distribution type made with the Saturn DigiSizer. Patented features in Saturn DigiSizer's sample handling module assure homogeneous dispersions and representative sampling. In addition, an automatic sample feeder is available.The Saturn DigiSizer and its many analysis and operating features will contribute to the efficiency and success of your product development, quality control, or academic research by providing fast, detailed, and reliable particle size information. The high-resolution detector system in the Saturn DigiSizer makes it possible to detect subtle differences in scattering patterns, and therefore subtle differences in particle size distributions. These elusive variations could mean the difference between a superior product and an inferior product, or the understanding or misunderstanding of a physical process. The Saturn DigiSizer also provides instrument-to-instrument, site-to-site reproducibility, and analysis-to-analysis repeatability, important factors in many applications. These performance features are augmented by control and reporting of all sample parameters and analysis parameters and fully-automated ("no button") operation. An advanced reporting system allows you to examine raw data as well as various formats of reduced data. Features'No Button' OperationTo start an analysis you simply create a sample file, or if running multiple samples with the same analysis conditions, choose Quick Start; the Saturn DigiSizer does the rest-- no other operator intervention is required. Sample material is simply placed into the reservoir, the Saturn DigiSizer recognizes its presence and automatically begins the analysis. The optional Autodispersion and Autodilution feature monitors the samples concentration and adds liquid as needed until optimum concentration is obtained. The Saturn DigiSizer then performs the analysis, produces a report, rinses the system, and awaits introduction of the next sample. Reporting System For any instrument system employing the static light scattering (SLS) technique, there are two major tasks prior to producing a particle size analysis report. First is to collect a data set that characterizes the scattering pattern, and second is to determine what combination of sizes and relative quantities of particles are represented by the scattering pattern. Then, quantity distribution (number, area, volume or mass) by size and statistics of the distribution can be reported. Reduced data of this type typically is the only output reported by other currently available instruments. The Saturn DigiSizer, however, provides raw data in various formats including graphics of raw light measurements (2-D and 3-D representations), exported ASCII tables of intensity vs. angle data, and an intensity versus angle plot overlaid with a plot of the Mie model set determined to best fit the experimental data. From the reduced data, the Saturn DigiSizer generates the following reports:
All reports can be viewed on screen or printed. The graphs also can be copied to the clipboard and pasted into other applications or stored as image files. You can zoom in on portions of the graphs or shift the axes to examine the fine detail of the distribution. In addition, all plots can be personalized with your choice of fonts and your own company logo on the header for custom reports and presentations. You can compare (via overlays) current analysis results to those of previous analyses or a reference analyses. Summary reports include analysis parameters to assure the analysis was performed under required conditions. Operating Features Saturn DigiSizer's powerful and flexible operating program puts you in command of the analysis. It provides all the convenient, easy-to-use features you expect from a Windows-based program such as point-and-click menus, multitasking capability, copy to clipboard, and much more. In addition, the familiar Windows format reduces the time required for training, resulting in almost immediate productivity. Automatic Sample Handler The MasterTech Autosampler is designed to increase throughput by ensuring there is no lapse between the completion of one analysis and the beginning of the next. Reduced operator involvement not only limits the possibility of human error, but saves time and increases repeatability and reproducibility. You can queue up to 18 samples to run sequentially and completely unattended. Operation of the MasterTech is controlled by the Saturn DigiSizer's operating software with dispersion and redispersion information being automatically stored in the sample file for future reference. The MasterTech features a powerful ultrasonic probe. Power to the probe tip is adjustable and the driving circuit is self-tuning for maintaining efficient and consistent sonic energy from the input power. A digital readout on the front panel assures that you reach the desired power for dispersing each sample and that the same power is applied each time the method is repeated. The Saturn DigiSizer with fully equipped LSHU (Liquid Sample Handling Unit) and a MasterTech provides assurance that every sample is prepared and analyzed exactly the same way, every time. Combined with Saturn DigiSizer's automatic optical alignment, the contribution of instrument variance on analysis results is essentially eliminated and any difference in results can be attributed with confidence to sample variations. You can depend on the results being extremely reproducible. So, if instrument-to-instrument, site-to-site reproducibility or analysis-to-analysis repeatability are important factors in your particle sizing applications, Saturn DigiSizer is the solution. Sample Handling Module The Saturn DigiSizer is equipped with a state-of-the-art, patented liquid sample-handling unit (LSHU). The LSHU combined with the instrument software assures that the concentration of the liquid-solid suspension is sufficiently high to produce a strong scattering pattern while sufficiently dilute to negate multiple scattering effects. The sample handling system maintains a homogeneous and representative suspension flowing through the sample cell while preventing settling of the larger particles due to insufficient transport velocity. Homogeniety is accomplished by maintaining controlled turbulent flow that provides a mixing action sufficient to keep the sample material suspended but gentle enough to do so without creating bubbles. A centrifugal pump allows the flow-rate to be varied manually or automatically. The pump is integrated into the reservoir, as is an optional, system-controlled ultrasonic probe. To guard against sample carryover between analyses, the LSHU has a patented reservoir rinse design. While other manufacturers' designs simply fill and empty the reservoir to perform a rinse, the DigiSizer's LSHU has a feature that sprays the reservoir walls as the fluid level recedes. This removes residue that otherwise would cling to the surface. Analysis TechniqueStatic Light Scattering
Digital Detection Technology Typical light scattering particle size analyzers prior to the Saturn
DigiSizer had detector arrays consisting of between 15 to 130 detector elements
to cover the angular measurement range of the instrument. Saturn DigiSizer's CCD
array utilizes more than 1.3 million detector elements, or pixels, for each of
several five-degree band segments of scattering angle. The result of using such
a dense array of light detectors is that the resulting light measurements
represent a very detailed, digitized replica of the light scattering pattern to
which the detector array was exposed. The charge collected by the individual
detector elements is proportional to light intensity at the position of the
element, and the position of the element relates to the scattering angle.
Optical Design Features A light beam from a solid state laser is coupled to a beam splitter which directs a portion of the light onto a reference photodiode. The remainder of the light is directed by fiber optics to a collimator and then to the sample cell where some of it is scattered by suspended particles. A Fourier lens intercepts the scattered light, projecting a segment of the scattering pattern onto the CCD array. The physical size of the scattering pattern projected by the Fourier lens is considerably larger than the physical dimensions of the CCD array, which spans a little more than five degrees of the scattering pattern at any one position. The first relative position of the scattering pattern and detector array places the unscattered portion of the light beam somewhere on the detector near the edge; the initial physical position does not matter. The operating software scans the detector array and determines which CCD element contains the center of the incident beam and, therefore, intersects the optical axis. This pixel defines the location of zero degrees in polar coordinates. The software then maps all other pixels in the CCD array according to the angular position they occupy in the scattering pattern. The range of light intensity in a scattering pattern can span more than ten orders of magnitude which is much greater than the dynamic range of any light detector. Therefore, Saturn DigiSizer takes multiple exposures at each CCD position in the scattering pattern by varying the number and duration of laser pulses. This assures that each CCD element will be on scale in at least one exposure and eliminates the loss of data due to pixel saturation or under-exposure. The reference measurement for each exposure is used to calculate a normalized exposure value for each element position in the CCD array and this data set represents one five degree segment of the scattering pattern. After the first set of measurements is collected, the scattering pattern is shifted by increasing the angle of incident light relative to the sample cell thereby exposing the CCD to a new range of angles. The software re-maps the CCD array accordingly. Another series of exposures is taken, the series is normalized, and the angle of incident light again increases. This process continues until the required range of the scattering pattern has been measured. The 1.3 million element CCD may be employed in as many as 10 different angular positions, and multiple exposures may be required in each position. The result is that initially millions of light intensity measurements are taken over thousands of unique angle bands. Technical Specifications
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